老师，为什么坦克的高度self.height可以直接被使用啊，前面也没有被定义过它是多少啊？

老师你好：

        视频里说，在方法stopDraw中设置self.lastdraw=0,这样self.drawpadd.delete(self.lastDraw) 就删不到

self.lastdraw的id了，该怎么理解呢。为什么之前画的线就会保留了呢？

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite
import time
import random
SCREEN_WIDTH=700
SCREEN_HEIGHT=500
BG_COLOR=pygame.Color(0,0,0)
TEXT_COLOR=pygame.Color(255,0,0)
class BaseItem(Sprite):
    def __init__(self,color,width,height):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)

class Maingame():
    window=None
    my_tank=None
    enemyTankList=[]
    enemyTankcount=5
    myBulletList=[]
    enemyBulletList=[]
    explodeList=[]
    def createEnemyTank(self):
       top=100

       #循环生成敌方坦克
       for i in range(Maingame.enemyTankcount):

           left=random.randint(0,600)
           speed=random.randint(1,4)

           enemy=Enemytank(left,top,speed)
           Maingame.enemyTankList.append(enemy)
    def blitEnemyTank(self):
        #判断敌方坦克是否活着

        for enemyTank in Maingame.enemyTankList:
            if enemyTank.live:
                enemyTank.displayTank()
                enemyTank.randMove()
                enemyBullet=enemyTank.shot()
                if enemyBullet:
                    Maingame.enemyBulletList.append(enemyBullet)
            else:
                Maingame.enemyTankList.remove(enemyTank)


    def blitMyBullet(self):
        #判断当前子弹是否为活着的状态，如果不是则在列表中删除

        for myBullet in Maingame.myBulletList:
            if myBullet.live:
                myBullet.displayBullet()
                myBullet.move()
                myBullet.myBullet_hit_enemyTank()
            else:
                Maingame.myBulletList.remove(myBullet)
    def blitEnemyBullet(self):
        for enemyBullet in Maingame.enemyBulletList:
            if enemyBullet.live:

                enemyBullet.displayBullet()
                enemyBullet.move()

            else:
                Maingame.enemyBulletList.remove(enemyBullet)




    def  __init__(self):
       pass
    def startgame(self):
        pygame.display.init()
        Maingame.window = pygame.display.set_mode([SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT])
        pygame.display.set_caption("坦克大战1.03")
        Maingame.my_tank=Tank(350,250)
        self.createEnemyTank()
        while True:
            time.sleep(0.02)
            pygame.display.update()
            Maingame.window.fill(BG_COLOR)
            Maingame.window.blit(self.getTextSurface("敌方坦克剩余数量%d"%len(Maingame.enemyTankList)),(10,10))# 后一个位置可接元组
            self.getEvent()
            Maingame.my_tank.displayTank()
            self.blitEnemyTank()
            self.blitMyBullet()
            self.blitEnemyBullet()
            self.blitExplode()
    def blitExplode(self):
        for explode in Maingame.explodeList:
            if explode.live:
                explode.displayExplode()
            else:
                Maingame.explodeList.remove(explode)
            if not Maingame.my_tank.stop:
                Maingame.my_tank.move()

    def endgame(self):
        print("谢谢使用哦")
        exit()
    def getEvent(self):
        eventList=pygame.event.get()
        for event in eventList:
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                self.endgame()
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    Maingame.my_tank.direction="L"
                    Maingame.my_tank.stop=False
                    #Maingame.my_tank.move()
                    print("坦克向左移动")
                elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                    Maingame.my_tank.direction = "U"
                    Maingame.my_tank.stop=False

                    #Maingame.my_tank.move()
                    print("坦克向上移动")
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    Maingame.my_tank.direction = "R"
                    Maingame.my_tank.stop = False
                    #Maingame.my_tank.move()
                    print("坦克向右移动")
                elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                    Maingame.my_tank.direction = "D"
                    Maingame.my_tank.stop = False
                    print("坦克向下移动")
                elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                    print("发射子弹")
                    #Maingame.my_tank.move()
                    if len(Maingame.myBulletList)<=3:
                        myBullet=Bullet(Maingame.my_tank)
                        Maingame.myBulletList.append(myBullet)

            if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
                if event.key== pygame.K_UP or event.key==pygame.K_DOWN or event.key==pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key==pygame.K_LEFT:
                    Maingame.my_tank.stop=True

    def getTextSurface(self,text):
        #初始化字体模块
        pygame.font.init()
        font=pygame.font.SysFont("kaiti",18)
        textSurface=font.render(text,True,TEXT_COLOR)
        return textSurface




class Tank(BaseItem):
    def __init__(self,top,left):
        self.images={
            "U":pygame.image.load("imgs/p1tankU.gif"),
            "D": pygame.image.load("imgs/p1tankD.gif"),
            "L": pygame.image.load("imgs/p1tankL.gif"),
            "R": pygame.image.load("imgs/p1tankR.gif")

        }
        self.direction="U"
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top=top
        self.speed=10
        self.stop = True
        self.live = True

    def move(self):
        if self.direction =="L":
            if self.rect.left>0:
               self.rect.left -= self.speed
        elif self.direction =="U":
            if self.rect.top>0:
               self.rect.top -= self.speed
        elif self.direction =="D":
            if self.rect.top+self.rect.height<SCREEN_HEIGHT:
               self.rect.top += self.speed
        elif self.direction =="R":
            if self.rect.left+self.rect.height<SCREEN_WIDTH:
                self.rect.left += self.speed
    def shot(self):
        return Bullet(self)
    def displayTank(self):
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        Maingame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
#我方坦克
class Mytank():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
class Enemytank(Tank):
    def __init__(self,left,top,speed):
        super(Enemytank,self).__init__(left,top)
        self.images={"U":pygame.image.load("imgs/enemy1U.gif"),
                     "R": pygame.image.load("imgs/enemy1R.gif"),
                     "L":pygame.image.load("imgs/enemy1L.gif"),
                     "D":pygame.image.load("imgs/enemy1D.gif")
                     }
        self.direction=self.randDirection()
        self.image = self.images[self.direction]
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top=top
        self.speed=speed
        self.flag=True
        self.step=60



    def randDirection(self):
        num = random.randint(1,4)
        if num==1:
            return "U"
        elif num ==2:
            return "R"
        elif num ==3:
            return  "L"
        elif num==4:
            return "D"
    #敌方坦克随机移动的方法
    def randMove(self):
        if self.step <=0:
            self.direction=self.randDirection()
            self.step=60
        else:
            self.move()
            self.step-=1
    def shot(self):
        num=random.randint(1,100)
        if num <10:
            return Bullet(self)

class Wall():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def display(self):
        pass
class Explode():
    #爆炸同tank的位置相同
    def __init__(self,tank):
        self.rect= tank.rect
        self.images=[pygame.image.load("imgs/blast0.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("imgs/blast1.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("imgs/blast2.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("imgs/blast3.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("imgs/blast4.gif"),

        ]
        self.step=0
        self.image=self.images[self.step]
        self.live=True

    def displayExplode(self):
        if self.step <len(self.images):
            self.image=self.images[self.step]
            self.step+=1
            Maingame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
        else:
            self.live=False
            self.step=0

class music():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def play(self):
        pass
class Bullet(BaseItem):
    def __init__(self,tank):
        self.image=pygame.image.load("imgs/enemymissile.gif")

        self.direction= tank.direction
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        if self.direction=="U":
            self.rect.left= tank.rect.left+tank.rect.width/2-self.rect.width/2
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top-self.rect.top
        elif self.direction=="D":
            self.rect.left= tank.rect.left+tank.rect.width/2-self.rect.width/2
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top+self.rect.top
        elif self.direction=="L":
            self.rect.left= tank.rect.left-tank.rect.width/2-self.rect.width/2
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top+tank.rect.width/2-self.rect.width/2
        elif self.direction=="R":
            self.rect.left= tank.rect.left+tank.rect.width
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top+tank.rect.width/2-self.rect.width/2

        self.speed=6
        #增加子弹的状态是否碰到墙壁
        self.live=True

    def displayBullet(self):
        Maingame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
    def move(self):
        if self.direction =="U":
            if self.rect.top >0:
                self.rect.top -=self.speed
            else:
                self.live=False
        elif self.direction == "R":
            if self.rect.left+self.rect.width<SCREEN_WIDTH:
                self.rect.left+=self.speed
            else:
                self.live=False
        elif self.direction == "L":
            if self.rect.left>0:
                self.rect.left-=self.speed
            else:
                self.live=False
        elif self.direction == "D":
            if self.rect.top+self.rect.height<SCREEN_HEIGHT:
                self.rect.top+=self.speed
            else:
                self.live=False
    #我方子弹与敌方坦克的碰撞
    def myBullet_hit_enemyTank(self):
        for enemyTank in Maingame.enemyTankList:
            if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(enemyTank,self):
                enemyTank.live=False
                self.live=False
                explode=Explode(enemyTank)
                Maingame.explodeList.append(explode)





if __name__== '__main__':
    Maingame().startgame()
 
 
#老师，请问我这个代码跑的时候为什么会出现我方坦克只能打中对方才能移动的情况呢

import pygame

import time
import random
SCREEN_WIDTH=700
SCREEN_HEIGHT=500
BG_COLOR=pygame.Color(0,0,0)
TEXT_COLOR=pygame.Color(255,0,0)
class BaseItem(pygame.sprite):
    def __init__(self,color,width,height):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)

class Maingame():
    window=None
    my_tank=None
    enemyTankList=[]
    enemyTankcount=5
    myBulletList=[]
    enemyBulletList=[]
    def createEnemyTank(self):
       top=100

       #循环生成敌方坦克
       for i in range(Maingame.enemyTankcount):

           left=random.randint(0,600)
           speed=random.randint(1,4)

           enemy=Enemytank(left,top,speed)
           Maingame.enemyTankList.append(enemy)
    def blitEnemyTank(self):
        #判断敌方坦克是否活着

        for enemyTank in Maingame.enemyTankList:
            enemyTank.displayTank()
            enemyTank.randMove()
            enemyBullet=enemyTank.shot()
            if enemyBullet:
                Maingame.enemyBulletList.append(enemyBullet)


    def blitMyBullet(self):
        #判断当前子弹是否为活着的状态，如果不是则在列表中删除

        for myBullet in Maingame.myBulletList:
            if myBullet.live:
                myBullet.displayBullet()
                myBullet.move()
            else:
                Maingame.myBulletList.remove(myBullet)
    def blitEnemyBullet(self):
        for enemyBullet in Maingame.enemyBulletList:
            if enemyBullet.live:

                enemyBullet.displayBullet()
                enemyBullet.move()
            else:
                Maingame.enemyBulletList.remove(enemyBullet)




    def  __init__(self):
       pass
    def startgame(self):
        pygame.display.init()
        Maingame.window = pygame.display.set_mode([SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT])
        pygame.display.set_caption("坦克大战1.03")
        Maingame.my_tank=Tank(350,250)
        self.createEnemyTank()
        while True:
            time.sleep(0.02)
            pygame.display.update()
            Maingame.window.fill(BG_COLOR)
            Maingame.window.blit(self.getTextSurface("敌方坦克剩余数量%d"%len(Maingame.enemyTankList)),(10,10))# 后一个位置可接元组
            self.getEvent()
            Maingame.my_tank.displayTank()
            self.blitEnemyTank()
            self.blitMyBullet()
            self.blitEnemyBullet()
            if not Maingame.my_tank.stop:
                Maingame.my_tank.move()

    def endgame(self):
        print("谢谢使用哦")
        exit()
    def getEvent(self):
        eventList=pygame.event.get()
        for event in eventList:
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                self.endgame()
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    Maingame.my_tank.direction="L"
                    Maingame.my_tank.stop=False
                    #Maingame.my_tank.move()
                    print("坦克向左移动")
                elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                    Maingame.my_tank.direction = "U"
                    Maingame.my_tank.stop=False

                    #Maingame.my_tank.move()
                    print("坦克向上移动")
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    Maingame.my_tank.direction = "R"
                    Maingame.my_tank.stop = False
                    #Maingame.my_tank.move()
                    print("坦克向右移动")
                elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                    Maingame.my_tank.direction = "D"
                    Maingame.my_tank.stop = False
                    print("坦克向下移动")
                elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                    print("发射子弹")
                    #Maingame.my_tank.move()
                    if len(Maingame.myBulletList)<=3:
                        myBullet=Bullet(Maingame.my_tank)
                        Maingame.myBulletList.append(myBullet)

            if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
                if event.key== pygame.K_UP or event.key==pygame.K_DOWN or event.key==pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key==pygame.K_LEFT:
                    Maingame.my_tank.stop=True

    def getTextSurface(self,text):
        #初始化字体模块
        pygame.font.init()
        font=pygame.font.SysFont("kaiti",18)
        textSurface=font.render(text,True,TEXT_COLOR)
        return textSurface




class Tank(BaseItem):
    def __init__(self,top,left):
        self.images={
            "U":pygame.image.load("imgs/p1tankU.gif"),
            "D": pygame.image.load("imgs/p1tankD.gif"),
            "L": pygame.image.load("imgs/p1tankL.gif"),
            "R": pygame.image.load("imgs/p1tankR.gif")

        }
        self.direction="U"
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top=top
        self.speed=10
        self.stop = True
        self.live = True
        self.color=color
    def move(self):
        if self.direction =="L":
            if self.rect.left>0:
               self.rect.left -= self.speed
        elif self.direction =="U":
            if self.rect.top>0:
               self.rect.top -= self.speed
        elif self.direction =="D":
            if self.rect.top+self.rect.height<SCREEN_HEIGHT:
               self.rect.top += self.speed
        elif self.direction =="R":
            if self.rect.left+self.rect.height<SCREEN_WIDTH:
                self.rect.left += self.speed
    def shot(self):
        return Bullet(self)
    def displayTank(self):
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        Maingame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
#我方坦克
class Mytank():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
class Enemytank(Tank):
    def __init__(self,left,top,speed):
        super(Enemytank,self).__init__(left,top)
        self.images={"U":pygame.image.load("imgs/enemy1U.gif"),
                     "R": pygame.image.load("imgs/enemy1R.gif"),
                     "L":pygame.image.load("imgs/enemy1L.gif"),
                     "D":pygame.image.load("imgs/enemy1D.gif")
                     }
        self.direction=self.randDirection()
        self.image = self.images[self.direction]
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top=top
        self.speed=speed
        self.flag=True
        self.step=60



    def randDirection(self):
        num = random.randint(1,4)
        if num==1:
            return "U"
        elif num ==2:
            return "R"
        elif num ==3:
            return  "L"
        elif num==4:
            return "D"
    #敌方坦克随机移动的方法
    def randMove(self):
        if self.step <=0:
            self.direction=self.randDirection()
            self.step=60
        else:
            self.move()
            self.step-=1
    def shot(self):
        num=random.randint(1,100)
        if num <10:
            return Bullet(self)

class Wall():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def display(self):
        pass
class Explode():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def showexplode(self):
        pass
class music():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    def play(self):
        pass
class Bullet(BaseItem):
    def __init__(self,tank):
        self.image=pygame.image.load("imgs/enemymissile.gif")

        self.direction= tank.direction
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        if self.direction=="U":
            self.rect.left= tank.rect.left+tank.rect.width/2-self.rect.width/2
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top-self.rect.top
        elif self.direction=="D":
            self.rect.left= tank.rect.left+tank.rect.width/2-self.rect.width/2
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top+self.rect.top
        elif self.direction=="L":
            self.rect.left= tank.rect.left-tank.rect.width/2-self.rect.width/2
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top+tank.rect.width/2-self.rect.width/2
        elif self.direction=="R":
            self.rect.left= tank.rect.left+tank.rect.width
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top+tank.rect.width/2-self.rect.width/2

        self.speed=6
        #增加子弹的状态是否碰到墙壁
        self.live=True

    def displayBullet(self):
        Maingame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
    def move(self):
        if self.direction =="U":
            if self.rect.top >0:
                self.rect.top -=self.speed
            else:
                self.live=False
        elif self.direction == "R":
            if self.rect.left+self.rect.width<SCREEN_WIDTH:
                self.rect.left+=self.speed
            else:
                self.live=False
        elif self.direction == "L":
            if self.rect.left>0:
                self.rect.left-=self.speed
            else:
                self.live=False
        elif self.direction == "D":
            if self.rect.top+self.rect.height<SCREEN_HEIGHT:
                self.rect.top+=self.speed
            else:
                self.live=False
    #我方子弹与敌方坦克的碰撞
    def myBullet_hit_enemyTank(self):
        for enemyTank in Maingame.enemyTankList:
            if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(enemyTank,self):
                enemyTank.live=False
                self.live=False




if __name__== '__main__':
    Maingame().startgame()

class BaseItem(pygame.sprite):
    def __init__(self,color,width,height):

        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        
报错##
 File "C:/Users/HP/PycharmProjects/mypy001/python第二章/my python 02-04.py", line 9, in <module>
    class BaseItem(pygame.sprite):
TypeError: module.__init__() takes at most 2 arguments (3 given)

老师，昨晚代码粘贴错了，你看看这个代码，我的问题是，我根据课堂讲的一步一步写的坦克大战游戏，然后写到我方子弹和敌方坦克碰撞后消失的效果的程序，运行后，碰撞不消失！

import pygame,time,random
from pygame.sprite import Sprite
screen_width=700
screen_height=600
bg_color=pygame.Color(0,0,0)
text_color=pygame.Color(255,0,0)
class BaseItem(Sprite):
    def __init__(self, color, width, height):
        # Call the parent class (Sprite) constructor
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
class MainGame():
    window=None
    mytank=None
    enemytanklist=[]
    enemytankcount=5
    mytankbulletlist=[]
    enemytankbulletlist=[]
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    #开始游戏
    def startgame(self):
        pygame.display.init()
        MainGame.window=pygame.display.set_mode([screen_width, screen_height])
        #设置窗口的标题
        pygame.display.set_caption("坦克大战1.0")
        MainGame.mytank=Tank(350,300)#这是初始化加载一次，不能一直加载，一直加载岂不是不死了，加载就是生成
        self.createenemytank()
        while True:
            time.sleep(0.02)
            MainGame.window.fill(bg_color)
            #要一直获取事件
            self.getEvent()
            MainGame.window.blit(self.textfont("敌方坦克剩余数量{0}".format(MainGame.enemytankcount)),(10,10))
            MainGame.mytank.dispalygame()#这是把加载的图片一直显示，并不是一直加载
            self.blitenemytank()
            self.enemytankbulletdisplay()
            self.mytankbulletdisplay()
            if not MainGame.mytank.stop:
                MainGame.mytank.move()
            pygame.display.update()
    def enemytankbulletdisplay(self):
        for enemytankbullet in MainGame.enemytankbulletlist:
            if enemytankbullet.bulletcount:
                enemytankbullet.displayBullet()
                enemytankbullet.move()
            else:
                MainGame.enemytankbulletlist.remove(enemytankbullet)

    def mytankbulletdisplay(self):
        for mytankbullet in MainGame.mytankbulletlist:
            if mytankbullet.bulletcount:
                mytankbullet.displayBullet()
                mytankbullet.move()
                print("你大爷的")
                mytankbullet.mybullet_hit_enemytank()
            else:    #bulletcount为False的时候，是子弹走到边界的时候，这子弹都是相对单个，不是列表里的所有
                MainGame.mytankbulletlist.remove(mytankbullet)

    def createenemytank(self):
        top = 100
        for i in range(MainGame.enemytankcount):
            left = random.randint(50, 600)
            speed = random.randint(1, 3)
            enemytank1=EnemyTank(left,top,speed)
            MainGame.enemytanklist.append(enemytank1)
    def blitenemytank(self):
        for enemytank in MainGame.enemytanklist:#遍历生成敌方坦克
            if enemytank.live:
                enemytank.dispalygame()
                enemytank.randmove()
                enemytankbullet = enemytank.shot()  # 遍历生成的所有坦克发射子弹，shot（）返回了个Bullet（），所以相应的也生成了子弹
                if enemytankbullet:  # 返回的不是None的才可以加入列表，要不然报错的
                    MainGame.enemytankbulletlist.append(enemytankbullet)
            else:
                MainGame.enemytanklist.remove(enemytank)

    #结束游戏
    def endgame(self):
        print("谢谢使用，欢迎再次使用")
        exit()
    def getEvent(self):
        #获取所有事件
        eventlist=pygame.event.get()#获取所有事件
        for event in eventlist:#遍历
            if event.type==pygame.QUIT:
                self.endgame()
            if event.type==pygame.KEYUP:
                if event.key==pygame.K_LEFT or event.key==pygame.K_RIGHT or event.key==pygame.K_UP or event.key==pygame.K_DOWN:
                    MainGame.mytank.stop=True

            if event.type==pygame.KEYDOWN:#表示按下的是键盘按键
                if event.key==pygame.K_LEFT:
                    MainGame.mytank.direction = "L"
                    MainGame.mytank.stop=False
                    # MainGame.mytank.move()
                    print('按下左键，坦克向左移动')

                elif event.key==pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    MainGame.mytank.direction="R"
                    MainGame.mytank.stop = False
                    #MainGame.mytank.move()
                    print('按下右键，坦克向右移动')
                elif event.key==pygame.K_UP:
                    print("按下上键，坦克向上移动")
                    MainGame.mytank.direction="U"
                    MainGame.mytank.stop = False
                   # MainGame.mytank.move()
                elif event.key==pygame.K_DOWN:
                    print("按下下键，坦克向下移动")
                    MainGame.mytank.direction="D"
                    MainGame.mytank.stop = False
                    #MainGame.mytank.move()
                elif event.key==pygame.K_SPACE:
                    if len(MainGame.mytankbulletlist)<4:
                        print("发射子弹")
                        mytankbullet=Bullet(MainGame.mytank)
                        MainGame.mytankbulletlist.append(mytankbullet)
    def textfont(self,text):
        pygame.font.init()
        font=pygame.font.SysFont('kaiti',18)#创建字体对象
        text_win=font.render(text,True,text_color)
        return text_win

class Tank(BaseItem):
    def __init__(self,left,top):
        self.images={
            'U':pygame.image.load("img/p1tankU.gif"),
            'D':pygame.image.load("img/p1tankD.gif"),
            'L':pygame.image.load("img/p1tankL.gif"),
            'R':pygame.image.load("img/p1tankR.gif")
        }
        self.direction="L"
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()#获取图片区域
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top=top
        self.speed=5
        self.stop=True
        self.live=True
    #射击
    def shot(self):
        pass
    #移动
    def move(self):
        if self.direction == "U":
            if self.rect.top>0:
                self.rect.top -= self.speed
        elif self.direction == "D":
            if self.rect.top+self.rect.height<screen_height:
                self.rect.top += self.speed
        elif self.direction == "L":
            if self.rect.left>0:
                self.rect.left -= self.speed
        elif self.direction == "R":
            if self.rect.left+self.rect.height<screen_width:
                self.rect.left += self.speed
    #加载坦克的方法
    def dispalygame(self):
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        MainGame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
    #我方坦克
class MyTank(Tank):
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    #地方坦克
class EnemyTank(Tank):
    def __init__(self,left,top,speed):
        super(EnemyTank,self).__init__(left,top)#定义了构造函数，父类的属性不能直接继承，需要借用这个调用
        self.images = {
            'U': pygame.image.load("img/enemy1U.gif"),
            'D': pygame.image.load("img/enemy1D.gif"),
            'L': pygame.image.load("img/enemy1L.gif"),
            'R': pygame.image.load("img/enemy1R.gif")
        }
        self.direction=self.randdirection()#方向随机了
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top=top
        self.speed=speed
        self.stop=True
        self.step=60
    def randdirection(self):
        num=random.randint(1,4)#生成四个随机数，将这四个随机书与方向字典的建关联，则方向也就随机了
        if num==1:
            return "U"
        elif num==2:
            return "D"
        elif num==3:
            return "L"
        elif num==4:
            return "R"
    def randmove(self):
        if self.step<=0:
            self.direction=self.randdirection()
            self.step=60
        else:
            self.move()
            self.step-=1
    def shot(self):
        num=random.randint(1,100)
        if num<5:
            return Bullet(self) #因为是随机生成的数。所有如果不是大于5的数，则返回的是None

class Bullet(BaseItem):
    def __init__(self,tank):
        self.direction=tank.direction
        self.speed=6
        self.image=pygame.image.load("img/enemymissile.gif")
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        self.bulletcount=True

        if self.direction == 'U':
            self.rect.left = tank.rect.left + tank.rect.width / 2 - self.rect.width / 2
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top - self.rect.height
        elif self.direction == 'D':
            self.rect.left = tank.rect.left + tank.rect.width / 2 - self.rect.width / 2
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top + tank.rect.height
        elif self.direction == 'L':
            self.rect.left = tank.rect.left - self.rect.width / 2 - self.rect.width / 2
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top + tank.rect.width / 2 - self.rect.width / 2
        elif self.direction == 'R':
            self.rect.left = tank.rect.left + tank.rect.width
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top + tank.rect.width / 2 - self.rect.width / 2
    def move(self):
        if self.direction=="U":
            if self.rect.top>0:
                self.rect.top-=self.speed
            else:
                # 这就是子弹走到边界的时候，将bulletcount置为False，也就是说bulletcount为False的时候，是子弹走到边界的时候
                self.bulletcount=False
        elif self.direction=="D":
            if self.rect.top+self.rect.height<screen_height:
                self.rect.top+=self.speed
            else:
                self.bulletcount = False
        elif self.direction=="L":
            if self.rect.left>0:
                self.rect.left-=self.speed
            else:
                self.bulletcount = False
        elif self.direction=="R":
            if self.rect.left+self.rect.width<screen_width:
                self.rect.left+=self.speed
            else:
                self.bulletcount = False
    def mybullet_hit_enemytank(self):
        for enemytank in MainGame.enemytankbulletlist:#这个敌方坦克列表存放的是敌方坦克。所以遍历敌方坦克就是所有的敌方坦克
                #生成的这个坦克也就是敌方的坦克，
            if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(enemytank,self):
                #修改敌方坦克和我方子弹的状态，即修改成消失的状态
                enemytank.live=False
                self.bulletcount=False


    #展示子弹的方法
    def displayBullet(self):
        MainGame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
class Wall():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    #展示墙壁的方法
    def displayWall(self):
        pass
#展示效果
class Explode():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    #展示爆炸效果的方法
    def displayExplode(self):
        pass
class Music():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    #播放音乐的方法
    def displayMusic(self):
        pass
if __name__=="__main__":
    MainGame().startgame()

老师.py文件和.pyi文件有什么区别吗？.pyi文件是用来干什么的？图中pygame源文件init.py中的color= color.color代码，有什么作用吗？

"""
加载我方坦克
"""
# 导入pygame模块
import pygame
SCREEN_WIDTH=700
SCREEN_HEIGHT=500
BG_COLOR=pygame.Color(0,0,0)
TEXT_COLOR=pygame.Color(255,0,0)
# 主类
class MainGame():
    window = None
    my_tank = None
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    # 开始游戏
    def startGame(self):
        pass
        # 加载主窗口
        # 初始化窗口
        pygame.display.init()
        # 设置窗口的大小及显示
        MainGame.window=pygame.display.set_mode([SCREEN_WIDTH,SCREEN_HEIGHT])
        # 初始化我方坦克
        MainGame.my_tank=Tank(350,250)
        # 设置窗口的标题
        pygame.display.set_caption('坦克大战1.02')
        # 一直显示窗口
        while True:
            # 给窗口设置填充色
            MainGame.window.fill(BG_COLOR)
            # 获取事件
            self.getEvent()
            # 绘制文字
            MainGame.window.blit(self.getTextSuface("敌方坦克剩余数量%d"%6),(10,10))
            # 调用坦克的方法
            MainGame.my_tank.displayTank()
            pygame.display.update()

    # 结束游戏
    def endGame(self):
        print("谢谢使用，欢迎再次使用")
        exit()
    # 左上角文字的绘制
    def getTextSuface(self,text):
        # 初始化字体模块
        pygame.font.init()
        # 查看所有的字体名称
        # print(pygame.font.get_fonts())
        # 获取字体Font对象('字体类型'，'字体大小')
        font=pygame.font.SysFont('kaiti',18)
        # 绘制文字信息
        textSurface=font.render(text,True,TEXT_COLOR)
        return textSurface
    # 获取事件
    def getEvent(self):
        # 获取所有事件
        eventList = pygame.event.get()
        #遍历事件
        for event in eventList:
            # 判断按下的键是关闭还是减半按下
            # 如果按的是指出，关闭窗口
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                self.endGame()
            # 如果是键盘的按下
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                # 判断按下的是上、下、左、右
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    print('按下左键，坦克先左移动')
                if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    print('按下右键，坦克先右移动')
                if event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                    print('按下上键，坦克先上移动')
                if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                    print('按下下键，坦克先下移动')

# 坦克类
class Tank():
    # 添加距离左边left 距离上边top
    def __init__(self,left,top):
        self.images={
            'U': pygame.image.load('img/pltankU.gif'),
            'D': pygame.image.load('img/pltankD.gif'),
            'L': pygame.image.load('img/pltankL.gif'),
            'R': pygame.image.load('img/pltankR.gif'),
        }
        # 方向
        self.direction='U'
        # 根据当前图片的方向获取图片 surface
        self.image = self.images[self.direction]
        # 根据图片获取区域
        self.rect = self.images.get_rect()
        # 设置区域的left 和 top
        self.rect.left = left
        self.rect.top = top
    # 移动
    def move(self):
        pass
    # 射击
    def shot(self):
        pass
    # 展示坦克的方法
    def displayTank(self):
        # 获取展示坦克对象
        self.image = self.images[self.direction]
        # 调用blit方法展示(展示的对象，展示的区域)
        MainGame.window.blit(self.image, self.rect)
# 我方坦克
class MyTank(Tank):
    def __init__(self):
        pass

# 敌方坦克
class EnemyTank(Tank):
    def __init__(self):
        pass
# 子弹类
class Bullet():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    # 移动
    def move(self):
        pass
    # 展示子弹的方法
    def displayBullet(self):
        pass
# 墙壁类
class Wall():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    # 展示墙壁的方法
    def displayWall(self):
        pass
# 爆炸效果类
class Explode():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    # 展示爆炸效果的方法
    def distplayExplode(self):
        pass
#音效类
class Music():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    #播放音乐
    def play(self):
        pass


if __name__ =='__main__':
    MainGame().startGame()
    # 输出所有字体
    # MainGame().getTextSuface()

老师您好：您帮我看看这是是啥问题，谢谢

# coding=utf-8
# 记事本项目

from tkinter import *
from tkinter.filedialog import *

class Application(Frame):
    def __init__(self,master=None):
        super().__init__(master)
        self.master = master
        self.pack()
        self.textpad = None
        self.creatwidget()

    def creatwidget(self):
        # 创建主菜单
        menubar = Menu(root)

        # 创建子菜单
        menuFile = Menu(menubar)
        menuEdit = Menu(menubar)
        menuHelp = Menu(menubar)

        # 将子菜单加入到主菜单
        menubar.add_cascade(label='文件(F)', menu=menuFile)
        menubar.add_cascade(label='编辑(E)', menu=menuEdit)
        menubar.add_cascade(label='帮助(H)', menu=menuHelp)

        # 添加菜单项
        menuFile.add_command(label='新建',accelerator='ctrl+n',command=self.test)
        menuFile.add_command(label='打开', accelerator='ctrl+o', command=self.openfile)
        menuFile.add_command(label='保存', accelerator='ctrl+s', command=self.test)
        menuFile.add_separator() # 添加分割线
        menuFile.add_command(label='退出', accelerator='ctrl+q', command=self.test)

        #将主菜单加到root
        root['menu']=menubar

        #文本编辑区
        self.textpad = Text(root,width=50,height=30).pack()

    def test(self):
        pass

    def openfile(self):
        with askopenfile(title='打开文本文件') as f:
            self.textpad.insert(INSERT, f.read())
            self.filename = f.name

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    root.geometry("450x300+200+300")
    root.title("百战程序员的简易记事本")
    app = Application(master=root)
    root.mainloop()

老师我想请问一下这里显示AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'insert' 要怎么解决

老师,display.py模块文件源代码是不是不可能让我们全部看见哪,图中显示的代码相比于该模块全部代码是进行过怎样的处理吗?

老师看到很多同学都遇到了一样的问题，就是打包成exe文件后无法运行。看了老师的解释也知道是因为只打包了代码，没有打包图片音乐，但是给的链接还是看不懂怎么打包。所以请老师把打包的具体代码写一下，我把我的pycharm文件截图放到下面，具体的打包代码麻烦老师给一下，我的tk09.py是完整的坦克游戏代码。

老师，此处定义的函数add（）后面跟一个Tuple():怎么解释呀？

老师，我看上课的时候，每次打开文件之后都要关闭文件，但是我之前没有系统学习之前压根没有关闭过，也没有出现什么问题，不关闭会有什么问题呢？

老师，上面两个图Button的参数一会是self，一会是root，有什么方法依据吗？