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JAVA 全系列/第五阶段:JavaWeb开发/Servlet技术详解(旧) 31141楼

# encoding:utf-8
"""
新增功能:
      坦克不能穿墙
"""
import pygame,time,random
SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 450
BG_COLOR = pygame.Color(0,0,0)
TEXT_COLOR = pygame.Color(255,0,0)


class BaseItem(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)

class MainGame():
    window = None
    my_tank = None
    # 存储敌方坦克的列表
    EnemyTanklist =[]
    # 定义敌方坦克的数量
    EnemyCount = 10
    # 存储我方子弹的列表
    myBulletlist=[]
    # 存储爆炸效果的列表
    Explodelist=[]
    # 存储敌方子弹的列表
    enemyBulletlist=[]
    # 存储墙壁的列表
    walllist=[]

    def __init__(self):
        pass

    # 开始游戏
    def startGame(self):
        # 加载主窗口
        # 初始化窗口
        pygame.display.init()
        # 初始化我方坦克(建立我方坦克的实例对象)
        self.createMyTank()
        #MainGame.my_tank = Tank(350, 360)
        #初始化敌方坦克(建立敌方方坦克的实例对象)
        self.createEnemyTank()
        #初始化墙壁
        self.createWall()
        # 设置窗口的大小及显示
        MainGame.window=pygame.display.set_mode([SCREEN_WIDTH,SCREEN_HEIGHT])
        # 设置窗口标题
        pygame.display.set_caption("坦克大战1.00")
        while True:
            # 设置循环时间
            time.sleep(0.05)
            # 设置背景颜色
            MainGame.window.fill(BG_COLOR)
            # 绘制文字
            MainGame.window.blit(self.getTextSurface("敌方坦克的所有数量%d"%len(MainGame.EnemyTanklist)),(10,10))
            # 展示我方坦克
            # 先判断我方坦克是否存在以及状态是否存活
            if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
                MainGame.my_tank.displayTank()
            else:
                del MainGame.my_tank
                MainGame.my_tank=None
            # 循环遍历敌方坦克列表,展示敌方坦克
            self.blitEnemyTank()
            # 展示我方子弹
            self.blitMyBullet()
            # 循环遍历子弹列表,展示敌方子弹
            self.blitEnemyBullet()
            # 循环遍历爆炸列表,展示爆炸效果
            self.blitExplode()
            # 循环遍历墙壁列表,来展示墙壁
            self.blitWall()
            # 我方坦克可以移动的信号开关
            if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
                if not MainGame.my_tank.stop:
                    MainGame.my_tank.move()
                    MainGame.my_tank.tank_hit_wall()
            # 通过事件来控制游戏(关闭,移动)
            self.getEvent()
            # 更新屏幕
            pygame.display.update()
    # 初始化我方坦克(建立我方坦克的实例对象)
    def createMyTank(self):
        MainGame.my_tank = Tank(350, 360)

    # 初始化敌方坦克(建立敌方方坦克的实例对象)
    def createEnemyTank(self):
        top=100
        # 循环生成敌方坦克
        for i in range(MainGame.EnemyCount):
            left = random.randint(0,600)
            speed = random.randint(1,4)
            enemy=EnemyTank(left,top,speed)
            MainGame.EnemyTanklist.append(enemy)
    # 初始化墙壁
    def createWall(self):
        for i in range(12):
            top = random.randint(0, 400)
            left = random.randint(0, 700)
            wall=Wall(left,top)
            MainGame.walllist.append(wall)

    # 展示敌方坦克
    def blitEnemyTank(self):
        # 遍历敌方坦克列表
        for enemyTank in MainGame.EnemyTanklist:
            if enemyTank.live:#判断敌方坦克是否活着
                enemyTank.displayTank()
                enemyTank.randMove()
                enemyTank.tank_hit_wall()
                # 发射子弹
                enemyBullet=enemyTank.shot()

                # 将子弹存储在列表中
                if enemyBullet:
                    MainGame.enemyBulletlist.append(enemyBullet)
            else:
                MainGame.EnemyTanklist.remove(enemyTank)

    # 展示敌方子弹
    def blitEnemyBullet(self):
        for enemyBullet in MainGame.enemyBulletlist:
            if enemyBullet.live:
                enemyBullet.displayBullet()
                enemyBullet.move()
                # 敌方子弹击中我方坦克
                enemyBullet.enemyBullet_hit_my_tank()
                # 敌方子弹击中墙壁
                enemyBullet.Bullet_hit_wall()
            else:
                MainGame.enemyBulletlist.remove(enemyBullet)

    # 展示我方子弹
    def blitMyBullet(self):
        for myBullet in MainGame.myBulletlist:
            if myBullet.live:
                myBullet.displayBullet()
                myBullet.move()
                # 调用检测我方子弹是否与敌方坦克发生碰撞的方法
                myBullet.myBullet_hit_enemyTank()
                # 我方子弹击中墙壁
                myBullet.Bullet_hit_wall()
            else:
                MainGame.myBulletlist.remove(myBullet)

    # 展示爆炸效果
    def blitExplode(self):
        for explode in MainGame.Explodelist:
            if explode.live:
                explode.displayExplode()
            else:
                MainGame.Explodelist.remove(explode)

    # 循环遍历墙壁列表,来展示墙壁
    def blitWall(self):
        for wall in MainGame.walllist:
            if wall.live:
                wall.displayWall()
            else:
                MainGame.walllist.remove(wall)


    # 结束游戏
    def endGame(self):
        print("爽不爽,再来一局?")
        exit()
    # 左上角添加文字
    def getTextSurface(self,text):
        # 初始化文字
        pygame.font.init()
        # 查看所有字体
        #print(pygame.font.get_fonts())
        # 创建文字对象
        font=pygame.font.SysFont("fangsong",18)
        # 绘制文字信息
        textSurface=font.render(text,True,TEXT_COLOR)
        return textSurface
    # 获取事件
    def getEvent(self):
        # 获取所有事件
        eventlist=pygame.event.get()
        # 遍历事件列表
        for event in eventlist:
            # 判断按下的键是是关闭还是键盘按下
            # 如果按下的退出,关闭游戏
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                self.endGame()
            # 如果是键盘的按下
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if not MainGame.my_tank:
                    if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
                        self.createMyTank()

                if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
                    # 判断按下的是上,下,左,右
                    if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction="L"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction="R"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction="U"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction ="D"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                        if len(MainGame.myBulletlist)<3:
                            # 创建我方坦克发射的子弹
                            myBullet=Bullet(MainGame.my_tank)
                            MainGame.myBulletlist.append(myBullet)
                        print("发射子弹")

            # 松开方向键,坦克停止
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
                if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
                    MainGame.my_tank.stop=True

class Tank(BaseItem):
    # 增加坦克位置属性,距离左边left,距离上边top
    def __init__(self,left,top):
        # 保存下载的坦克图片
        self.images={"U":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankU.gif"),
                     "D":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankD.gif"),
                     "L":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankL.gif"),
                     "R":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankR.gif"),
                     }
        # 方向
        self.direction="U"
        # 根据方向选择图片
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        # 根据图片获取区域
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        # 设置图片的left,top
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top=top
        # 速度 根据速度快慢实现移动
        self.speed=10
        # 设置移动开关
        self.stop = True
        # 坦克状态
        self.live=True
        # 新增原有坐标
        self.oldleft=self.rect.left
        self.oldtop=self.rect.top

    # 移动
    def move(self):
        # 移动后记录原有坐标
        self.oldleft = self.rect.left
        self.oldtop = self.rect.top
        # 根据方向和移动两属性推算移动距离
        # 判断确定方向
        if self.direction=="L":
            if self.rect.left>0:
                self.rect.left -=self.speed
        elif self.direction=="U":
            if self.rect.top>0:
                self.rect.top -=self.speed
        elif self.direction=="D":
            if self.rect.top + self.rect.height <= SCREEN_HEIGHT:
                self.rect.top +=self.speed
        elif self.direction=="R":
            if self.rect.left+self.rect.height<=SCREEN_WIDTH:
                self.rect.left +=self.speed
    #
    def stay(self):
        self.rect.left=self.oldleft
        self.rect.top=self.oldtop
    # 检测坦克是否与墙壁发生碰撞
    def tank_hit_wall(self):
        for wall in MainGame.walllist:
           if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self,wall):
              self.stay()

    # 射击
    def shot(self):
        return Bullet(self)
    # 展示坦克的方法
    def displayTank(self):
        # 选择展示的对象
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        # 调用blit方法进行展示
        MainGame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
#子弹类
class Bullet(BaseItem):
    def __init__(self,tank):
        # 加载图片
        self.image=pygame.image.load("img/enemymissile.gif")
        # 方向,子弹的方向即坦克的方向
        self.direction = tank.direction
        # 区域,根据加载的图片获取区域
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        # 设置图片的left和top(与方向有关)
        if self.direction == "U":
            self.rect.left=tank.rect.left+int(tank.rect.width/2) -int(self.rect.width/2)
            self.rect.top=tank.rect.top-self.rect.height
        if self.direction == "D":
            self.rect.left = tank.rect.left+int(tank.rect.width/2)-int(self.rect.width/2)
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top + tank.rect.height
        if self.direction == "L":
            self.rect.left=tank.rect.left-self.rect.width
            self.rect.top=tank.rect.top+int(tank.rect.height/2)-int(self.rect.height/2)
        if self.direction =="R":
            self.rect.left=tank.rect.left+tank.rect.width
            self.rect.top=tank.rect.top+int(tank.rect.height/2)-int(self.rect.height/2)
        # 速度
        self.speed = 7
        # 子弹的状态,是否碰到墙壁,如果碰到,修改子弹状态
        self.live=True

    # 移动
    def move(self):
        if self.direction =="U":
            if self.rect.top >0:
                self.rect.top-=self.speed
            else:
                # 改变子弹状态
                self.live=False
        if self.direction =="D":
            if self.rect.top+self.rect.height<=SCREEN_HEIGHT:
                self.rect.top+=self.speed
            else:
                # 改变子弹状态
                self.live = False
        if self.direction == "L":
            if self.rect.left >0:
                self.rect.left-=self.speed
            else:
                # 改变子弹状态
                self.live = False
        if self.direction =="R":
            if self.rect.left+self.rect.width<=SCREEN_WIDTH:
                self.rect.left+=self.speed
            else:
                # 改变子弹状态
                self.live = False
    # 展示子弹的方法
    def displayBullet(self):
        MainGame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
    # 我方子弹与敌方坦克的碰撞
    def myBullet_hit_enemyTank(self):
        # 循环遍历敌方坦克列表,判断是否发生碰撞
        for enemyTank in MainGame.EnemyTanklist:
            if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(enemyTank,self,):
                self.live=False
                enemyTank.live=False
                #创建爆炸对象
                explode=Explode(enemyTank)
                #将爆炸对象存储在爆炸列表中
                MainGame.Explodelist.append(explode)
    # 敌方子弹与我方坦克的碰撞
    def enemyBullet_hit_my_tank(self):
        if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
            if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(MainGame.my_tank, self,):
                #产生爆炸对象
                explode=Explode(MainGame.my_tank)
                #将爆炸对象存储在爆炸列表中
                MainGame.Explodelist.append(explode)
                #判断敌方子弹与我方坦克的状态
                self.live=False
                MainGame.my_tank.live=False
    # 子弹与墙壁的碰撞
    def Bullet_hit_wall(self):
        for wall in MainGame.walllist:
            if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(wall, self, ):
                self.live=False
                #墙壁的生命值减小
                wall.hp-=1
                if wall.hp<3:
                    wall.live=False

# 我方坦克
class MyTank(Tank):
    def __init__(self,left,top):
        super(MyTank,self).__init__(left,top)

    # 检测我方坦克是否与敌方坦克发生碰撞
    def myTank_hit_enemyTank(self):
        for enemyTank in MainGame.EnemyTanklist:
            if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, enemyTank):
                self.stay()


# 敌方坦克
class EnemyTank(Tank):
    def __init__(self,left,top,speed):
        super().__init__(left,top)
        # 保存下载的图片
        self.images={"U":pygame.image.load("img/enemy1U.gif"),
                     "D":pygame.image.load("img/enemy1D.gif"),
                     "L":pygame.image.load("img/enemy1L.gif"),
                     "R":pygame.image.load("img/enemy1R.gif"),
                     }
        # 方向(随机生成方向)
        self.direction = self.randDirection()
        # 根据方向获取图片
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        # 根据图片获取区域
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        # 设置图片的left,top
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top=top
        # 速度
        self.speed=speed
        # 移动开关
        self.flag = True
        # 步数
        self.step =50
    # 随机生成方向
    def randDirection(self):
        num = random.randint(1,4)
        if num==1:
            return "U"
        elif num==2:
            return "D"
        elif num==3:
            return "L"
        elif num==4:
            return "R"
    # 敌方坦克随机移动的方法
    def randMove(self):
        if self.step<=0:
            self.direction = self.randDirection()
            self.step=50
        else:
            self.move()
            self.step-=1
    # 重写shot()方法
    def shot(self):
        num=random.randint(1,100)
        if num<10:
            return Bullet(self)




# 墙壁类
class Wall():
    def __init__(self,left,top):
        #加载图片
        self.image=pygame.image.load("img/steels.gif")
        #根据图片获取区域
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        #设置left,top
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top =top
        # 墙壁状态
        self.live=True
        # 设置墙壁生命值
        self.hp = 3
    # 展示墙壁的方法
    def displayWall(self):
        MainGame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)

# 爆炸效果类
class Explode():
    def __init__(self,tank):
        # 爆炸的位置由子弹打中坦克的位置决定
        self.rect=tank.rect
        # 加载爆炸图片
        self.images=[pygame.image.load("img/blast0.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("img/blast1.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("img/blast2.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("img/blast3.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("img/blast4.gif"),
                     ]
        self.step=0
        self.image=self.images[self.step]
        # 爆炸状态
        self.live=True
    # 展示爆炸效果的方法
    def displayExplode(self):
        if self.step<len(self.images):
            # 根据索引获取爆炸对象
            self.image=self.images[self.step]
            self.step += 1
            # 加到主窗口
            MainGame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
        else:
            #修改活着的状态
            self.live=False
            self.step=0

# 音效类
class Music():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    # 播放音乐
    def play(self):
        pass
if __name__=="__main__":
    MainGame().startGame()
    #MainGame().getTextSurface()


Python 全系列/第二阶段:Python 深入与提高/游戏开发-坦克大战 31144楼

老师:再次麻烦,我写到“我方坦克消亡”这节代码时没有问题,效果运行正常,但当写到“坦克无限重生”时出现问题,将初始化坦克“MainGame.my_tank=Tank(300,360)”改为方法“self.createrMyTank()”时发现子类Mytank()引用父类Tank()的方法和属性都会出现颜色标记,虽然运行时效果正常,控制台也没出现错误提示,但觉得会出问题,果真在接下来的代码中,凡是涉及到我方坦克MyTank的方法都没有被调用。控制台却没有报警。

我试着改变类变量MainGame.my_tank的属性,或是定义一个判断检测我方坦克是否存在的方法都不起作用,请问老师,这问题是出在什么地方啊?该怎么解决呢?

#写“我方坦克消亡"时的代码

# encoding:utf-8
"""
新增功能:
      1,敌方子弹与我方坦克的碰撞
      2,实现爆炸效果
"""
import pygame,time,random
SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 450
BG_COLOR = pygame.Color(0,0,0)
TEXT_COLOR = pygame.Color(255,0,0)


class BaseItem(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)

class MainGame():
    window = None
    my_tank = None
    # 存储敌方坦克的列表
    EnemyTanklist =[]
    # 定义敌方坦克的数量
    EnemyCount = 10
    # 存储我方子弹的列表
    myBulletlist=[]
    # 存储爆炸效果的列表
    Explodelist=[]
    # 存储敌方子弹的列表
    enemyBulletlist=[]

    def __init__(self):
        pass
    # 开始游戏
    def startGame(self):
        # 加载主窗口
        # 初始化窗口
        pygame.display.init()
        # 初始化我方坦克(建立我方坦克的实例对象)
        MainGame.my_tank=Tank(350,360)
        # 初始化敌方坦克(建立敌方方坦克的实例对象)
        self.createEmenyTank()
        # 设置窗口的大小及显示
        MainGame.window=pygame.display.set_mode([SCREEN_WIDTH,SCREEN_HEIGHT])
        # 设置窗口标题
        pygame.display.set_caption("坦克大战1.00")
        while True:
            # 设置循环时间
            time.sleep(0.05)
            # 设置背景颜色
            MainGame.window.fill(BG_COLOR)
            # 绘制文字
            MainGame.window.blit(self.getTextSurface("敌方坦克的所有数量%d"%len(MainGame.EnemyTanklist)),(10,10))
            # 展示我方坦克
            # 先判断我方坦克是否存在以及状态是否存活
            if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
                MainGame.my_tank.displayTank()
            else:
                del MainGame.my_tank
                MainGame.my_tank=None
            # 展示敌方坦克
            self.blitEnemyTank()
            # 展示我方子弹
            self.blitMyBullet()
            # 展示敌方子弹
            self.blitEnemyBullet()
            # 展示爆炸效果
            self.blitExplode()
            # 我方坦克可以移动的信号开关
            if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
                if not MainGame.my_tank.stop:
                    MainGame.my_tank.move()

            # 通过事件来控制游戏(关闭,移动)
            self.getEvent()
            # 更新屏幕
            pygame.display.update()
    # 初始化敌方坦克(建立敌方方坦克的实例对象)
    def createEmenyTank(self):
        top=100
        # 循环生成坦克
        for i in range(MainGame.EnemyCount):
            left = random.randint(0,600)
            speed = random.randint(1,4)
            enemy=EnemyTank(left,top,speed)
            MainGame.EnemyTanklist.append(enemy)
    # 展示敌方坦克
    def blitEnemyTank(self):
        # 遍历敌方坦克列表
        for enemyTank in MainGame.EnemyTanklist:
            if enemyTank.live:#判断敌方坦克是否活着
                enemyTank.displayTank()
                enemyTank.randMove()
                # 发射子弹
                enemyBullet=enemyTank.shot()
                # 将子弹存储在列表中
                if enemyBullet:
                    MainGame.enemyBulletlist.append(enemyBullet)
            else:
                MainGame.EnemyTanklist.remove(enemyTank)

    # 展示敌方子弹
    def blitEnemyBullet(self):
        for enemyBullet in MainGame.enemyBulletlist:
            if enemyBullet.live:
                enemyBullet.displayBullet()
                enemyBullet.move()
                enemyBullet.enemyBullet_hit_my_tank()


            else:
                MainGame.enemyBulletlist.remove(enemyBullet)

    # 展示我方子弹
    def blitMyBullet(self):
        for myBullet in MainGame.myBulletlist:
            if myBullet.live:
                myBullet.displayBullet()
                myBullet.move()
                # 调用检测我方子弹是否与敌方坦克发生碰撞的方法
                myBullet.myBullet_hit_enemyTank()
            else:
                MainGame.myBulletlist.remove(myBullet)

    # 展示爆炸效果
    def blitExplode(self):
        for explode in MainGame.Explodelist:
            if explode.live:
                explode.displayExplode()
            else:
                MainGame.Explodelist.remove(explode)

    # 结束游戏
    def endGame(self):
        print("爽不爽,再来一局?")
        exit()
    # 左上角添加文字
    def getTextSurface(self,text):
        # 初始化文字
        pygame.font.init()
        # 查看所有字体
        #print(pygame.font.get_fonts())
        # 创建文字对象
        font=pygame.font.SysFont("fangsong",18)
        # 绘制文字信息
        textSurface=font.render(text,True,TEXT_COLOR)
        return textSurface
    # 获取事件
    def getEvent(self):
        # 获取所有事件
        eventlist=pygame.event.get()
        # 遍历事件列表
        for event in eventlist:
            # 判断按下的键是是关闭还是键盘按下
            # 如果按下的退出,关闭游戏
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                self.endGame()
            if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
                # 如果是键盘的按下
                if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                    # 判断按下的是上,下,左,右
                    if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction="L"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction="R"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction="U"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction ="D"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                        if len(MainGame.myBulletlist)<3:
                            # 创建我方坦克发射的子弹
                            myBullet=Bullet(MainGame.my_tank)
                            MainGame.myBulletlist.append(myBullet)
                        print("发射子弹")
                # 松开方向键,坦克停止
                if event.type ==pygame.KEYUP:
                    MainGame.my_tank.stop=True

class Tank(BaseItem):
    # 增加坦克位置属性,距离左边left,距离上边top
    def __init__(self,left,top):
        # 保存下载的坦克图片
        self.images={"U":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankU.gif"),
                     "D":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankD.gif"),
                     "L":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankL.gif"),
                     "R":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankR.gif"),
                     }
        # 方向
        self.direction="U"
        # 根据方向选择图片
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        # 根据图片获取区域
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        # 设置图片的left,top
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top=top
        # 速度 根据速度快慢实现移动
        self.speed=10
        # 设置移动开关
        self.stop = True
        # 坦克状态
        self.live=True
    # 移动
    def move(self):
        # 根据方向和移动两属性推算移动距离
        # 判断确定方向
        if self.direction=="L":
            if self.rect.left>0:
                self.rect.left -=self.speed
        elif self.direction=="U":
            if self.rect.top>0:
                self.rect.top -=self.speed
        elif self.direction=="D":
            if self.rect.top + self.rect.height <= SCREEN_HEIGHT:
                self.rect.top +=self.speed
        elif self.direction=="R":
            if self.rect.left+self.rect.height<=SCREEN_WIDTH:
                self.rect.left +=self.speed
    # 射击
    def shot(self):
        return Bullet(self)
    # 展示坦克的方法
    def displayTank(self):
        # 选择展示的对象
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        # 调用blit方法进行展示
        MainGame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
#子弹类
class Bullet(BaseItem):
    def __init__(self,tank):
        # 加载图片
        self.image=pygame.image.load("img/enemymissile.gif")
        # 方向,子弹的方向即坦克的方向
        self.direction = tank.direction
        # 区域,根据加载的图片获取区域
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        # 设置图片的left和top(与方向有关)
        if self.direction == "U":
            self.rect.left=tank.rect.left+int(tank.rect.width/2) -int(self.rect.width/2)
            self.rect.top=tank.rect.top-self.rect.height
        if self.direction == "D":
            self.rect.left = tank.rect.left+int(tank.rect.width/2)-int(self.rect.width/2)
            self.rect.top = tank.rect.top + tank.rect.height
        if self.direction == "L":
            self.rect.left=tank.rect.left-self.rect.width
            self.rect.top=tank.rect.top+int(tank.rect.height/2)-int(self.rect.height/2)
        if self.direction =="R":
            self.rect.left=tank.rect.left+tank.rect.width
            self.rect.top=tank.rect.top+int(tank.rect.height/2)-int(self.rect.height/2)
        # 速度
        self.speed = 7
        # 子弹的状态,是否碰到墙壁,如果碰到,修改子弹状态
        self.live=True

    # 移动
    def move(self):
        if self.direction =="U":
            if self.rect.top >0:
                self.rect.top-=self.speed
            else:
                # 改变子弹状态
                self.live=False
        if self.direction =="D":
            if self.rect.top+self.rect.height<=SCREEN_HEIGHT:
                self.rect.top+=self.speed
            else:
                # 改变子弹状态
                self.live = False
        if self.direction == "L":
            if self.rect.left >0:
                self.rect.left-=self.speed
            else:
                # 改变子弹状态
                self.live = False
        if self.direction =="R":
            if self.rect.left+self.rect.width<=SCREEN_WIDTH:
                self.rect.left+=self.speed
            else:
                # 改变子弹状态
                self.live = False
    # 展示子弹的方法
    def displayBullet(self):
        MainGame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
    # 我方子弹与敌方坦克的碰撞
    def myBullet_hit_enemyTank(self):
        # 循环遍历敌方坦克列表,判断是否发生碰撞
        for enemyTank in MainGame.EnemyTanklist:
            if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(enemyTank,self,):
                self.live=False
                enemyTank.live=False
                #创建爆炸对象
                explode=Explode(enemyTank)
                #将爆炸对象存储在爆炸列表中
                MainGame.Explodelist.append(explode)
    # 敌方子弹与我方坦克的碰撞
    def enemyBullet_hit_my_tank(self):
        if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
            if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(MainGame.my_tank, self,):
                #产生爆炸对象
                explode=Explode(MainGame.my_tank)
                #将爆炸对象存储在爆炸列表中
                MainGame.Explodelist.append(explode)
                #判断敌方子弹与我方坦克的状态
                self.live=False
                MainGame.my_tank.live=False






# 我方坦克
class MyTank(Tank):
    def __init__(self):
        pass
# 敌方坦克
class EnemyTank(Tank):
    def __init__(self,left,top,speed):
        super().__init__(left,top)
        # 保存下载的图片
        self.images={"U":pygame.image.load("img/enemy1U.gif"),
                     "D":pygame.image.load("img/enemy1D.gif"),
                     "L":pygame.image.load("img/enemy1L.gif"),
                     "R":pygame.image.load("img/enemy1R.gif"),
                     }
        # 方向(随机生成方向)
        self.direction = self.randDirection()
        # 根据方向获取图片
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        # 根据图片获取区域
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        # 设置图片的left,top
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top=top
        # 速度
        self.speed=speed
        # 移动开关
        self.flag = True
        # 步数
        self.step =50
    # 随机生成方向
    def randDirection(self):
        num = random.randint(1,4)
        if num==1:
            return "U"
        elif num==2:
            return "D"
        elif num==3:
            return "L"
        elif num==4:
            return "R"
    # 敌方坦克随机移动的方法
    def randMove(self):
        if self.step<=0:
            self.direction = self.randDirection()
            self.step=50
        else:
            self.move()
            self.step-=1
    # 重写shot()方法
    def shot(self):
        num=random.randint(1,100)
        if num<10:
            return Bullet(self)


# 墙壁类
class Wall():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    # 展示墙壁的方法
    def displayWall(self):
        pass

# 爆炸效果类
class Explode():
    def __init__(self,tank):
        # 爆炸的位置由子弹打中坦克的位置决定
        self.rect=tank.rect
        # 加载爆炸图片
        self.images=[pygame.image.load("img/blast0.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("img/blast1.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("img/blast2.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("img/blast3.gif"),
                     pygame.image.load("img/blast4.gif"),
                     ]
        self.step=0
        self.image=self.images[self.step]
        # 爆炸状态
        self.live=True
    # 展示爆炸效果的方法
    def displayExplode(self):
        if self.step<len(self.images):
            # 根据索引获取爆炸对象
            self.image=self.images[self.step]
            self.step += 1
            # 加到主窗口
            MainGame.window.blit(self.image,self.rect)
        else:
            #修改活着的状态
            self.live=False
            self.step=0

# 音效类
class Music():
    def __init__(self):
        pass
    # 播放音乐
    def play(self):
        pass
if __name__=="__main__":
    MainGame().startGame()
    #MainGame().getTextSurface()

#写“坦克无限重生”时涉及到子类MyTank调用父类Tank的属性和方法时颜色有标记,但运行正常

# encoding:utf-8
"""
新增功能:
      我方坦克无限重生
      1,按下某个键,比如esc
      2,重生即新建
"""
import pygame,time,random
SCREEN_WIDTH = 800
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 450
BG_COLOR = pygame.Color(0,0,0)
TEXT_COLOR = pygame.Color(255,0,0)


class BaseItem(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)

class MainGame():
    window = None
    my_tank = None
    # 存储敌方坦克的列表
    EnemyTanklist =[]
    # 定义敌方坦克的数量
    EnemyCount = 10
    # 存储我方子弹的列表
    myBulletlist=[]
    # 存储爆炸效果的列表
    Explodelist=[]
    # 存储敌方子弹的列表
    enemyBulletlist=[]

    def __init__(self):
        pass

    # 开始游戏
    def startGame(self):
        # 加载主窗口
        # 初始化窗口
        pygame.display.init()
        # 初始化我方坦克(建立我方坦克的实例对象)
        self.createMyTank()
        #MainGame.my_tank = Tank(350, 360)
        #初始化敌方坦克(建立敌方方坦克的实例对象)
        self.createEnemyTank()
        # 设置窗口的大小及显示
        MainGame.window=pygame.display.set_mode([SCREEN_WIDTH,SCREEN_HEIGHT])
        # 设置窗口标题
        pygame.display.set_caption("坦克大战1.00")
        while True:
            # 设置循环时间
            time.sleep(0.05)
            # 设置背景颜色
            MainGame.window.fill(BG_COLOR)
            # 绘制文字
            MainGame.window.blit(self.getTextSurface("敌方坦克的所有数量%d"%len(MainGame.EnemyTanklist)),(10,10))
            # 展示我方坦克
            # 先判断我方坦克是否存在以及状态是否存活
            if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
                MainGame.my_tank.displayTank()
            else:
                del MainGame.my_tank
                MainGame.my_tank=None
            # 展示敌方坦克
            self.blitEnemyTank()
            # 展示我方子弹
            self.blitMyBullet()
            # 展示敌方子弹
            self.blitEnemyBullet()
            # 展示爆炸效果
            self.blitExplode()
            # 我方坦克可以移动的信号开关
            if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
                if not MainGame.my_tank.stop:
                    MainGame.my_tank.move()
            # 通过事件来控制游戏(关闭,移动)
            self.getEvent()
            # 更新屏幕
            pygame.display.update()
    # 初始化我方坦克(建立我方坦克的实例对象)
    def createMyTank(self):
        MainGame.my_tank = Tank(350, 360)

    # 初始化敌方坦克(建立敌方方坦克的实例对象)
    def createEnemyTank(self):
        top=100
        # 循环生成坦克
        for i in range(MainGame.EnemyCount):
            left = random.randint(0,600)
            speed = random.randint(1,4)
            enemy=EnemyTank(left,top,speed)
            MainGame.EnemyTanklist.append(enemy)
    # 展示敌方坦克
    def blitEnemyTank(self):
        # 遍历敌方坦克列表
        for enemyTank in MainGame.EnemyTanklist:
            if enemyTank.live:#判断敌方坦克是否活着
                enemyTank.displayTank()
                enemyTank.randMove()
                # 发射子弹
                enemyBullet=enemyTank.shot()
                # 将子弹存储在列表中
                if enemyBullet:
                    MainGame.enemyBulletlist.append(enemyBullet)
            else:
                MainGame.EnemyTanklist.remove(enemyTank)

    # 展示敌方子弹
    def blitEnemyBullet(self):
        for enemyBullet in MainGame.enemyBulletlist:
            if enemyBullet.live:
                enemyBullet.displayBullet()
                enemyBullet.move()
                enemyBullet.enemyBullet_hit_my_tank()


            else:
                MainGame.enemyBulletlist.remove(enemyBullet)

    # 展示我方子弹
    def blitMyBullet(self):
        for myBullet in MainGame.myBulletlist:
            if myBullet.live:
                myBullet.displayBullet()
                myBullet.move()
                # 调用检测我方子弹是否与敌方坦克发生碰撞的方法
                myBullet.myBullet_hit_enemyTank()
            else:
                MainGame.myBulletlist.remove(myBullet)

    # 展示爆炸效果
    def blitExplode(self):
        for explode in MainGame.Explodelist:
            if explode.live:
                explode.displayExplode()
            else:
                MainGame.Explodelist.remove(explode)

    # 结束游戏
    def endGame(self):
        print("爽不爽,再来一局?")
        exit()
    # 左上角添加文字
    def getTextSurface(self,text):
        # 初始化文字
        pygame.font.init()
        # 查看所有字体
        #print(pygame.font.get_fonts())
        # 创建文字对象
        font=pygame.font.SysFont("fangsong",18)
        # 绘制文字信息
        textSurface=font.render(text,True,TEXT_COLOR)
        return textSurface
    # 获取事件
    def getEvent(self):
        # 获取所有事件
        eventlist=pygame.event.get()
        # 遍历事件列表
        for event in eventlist:
            # 判断按下的键是是关闭还是键盘按下
            # 如果按下的退出,关闭游戏
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                self.endGame()
            # 如果是键盘的按下
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if not MainGame.my_tank:
                    if event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
                        self.createMyTank()
                if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
                    # 判断按下的是上,下,左,右
                    if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction="L"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction="R"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction="U"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                        # 切换方向
                        MainGame.my_tank.direction ="D"
                        # 移动开关开启,可以移动
                        MainGame.my_tank.stop = False
                        MainGame.my_tank.move()
                        print("按下右键,坦克向右移动")
                    elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                        if len(MainGame.myBulletlist)<3:
                            # 创建我方坦克发射的子弹
                            myBullet=Bullet(MainGame.my_tank)
                            MainGame.myBulletlist.append(myBullet)
                        print("发射子弹")

            # 松开方向键,坦克停止
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
                if MainGame.my_tank and MainGame.my_tank.live:
                    MainGame.my_tank.stop=True

class Tank(BaseItem):
    # 增加坦克位置属性,距离左边left,距离上边top
    def __init__(self,left,top):
        # 保存下载的坦克图片
        self.images={"U":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankU.gif"),
                     "D":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankD.gif"),
                     "L":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankL.gif"),
                     "R":pygame.image.load("img/p1tankR.gif"),
                     }
        # 方向
        self.direction="U"
        # 根据方向选择图片
        self.image=self.images[self.direction]
        # 根据图片获取区域
        self.rect=self.image.get_rect()
        # 设置图片的left,top
        self.rect.left=left
        self.rect.top=top
        # 速度 根据速度快慢实现移动
        self.speed=10
        # 设置移动开关
        self.stop = True
        # 坦克状态
        self.live=True
    # 移动
    def move(self):
        # 根据方向和移动两属性推算移动距离
        # 判断确定方向
        if self.direction=="L":
            if self.rect.left>0:
                self.rect.left -=self.speed
        elif self.direction=="U":
            if self.rect.top>0:
                self.rect.top -=self.speed
        elif self.direction=="D":
            if self.rect.top + self.rect.height <= SCREEN_HEIGHT:
                self.rect.top +=self.speed
        elif self.direction=="R":
            if self.rect.left+self.rect.height<=SCREEN_WIDTH:
                self.rect.left +=self.

Python 全系列/第二阶段:Python 深入与提高/游戏开发-坦克大战 31149楼
JAVA 全系列/第十一阶段:智能家居项目(旧)/至尊智能家居第二天 31150楼

image.png

一直报404,post和get请求无法返回,

HTML代码

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang = "en">
<head>
    <meta charset = "UTF-8">
    <title>08_Ajax的简单封装处理响应.html</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>08_Ajax的简单封装处理响应.html</h1>
<input type="button" value="测试响应处理" onclick="test1()">
<input type="button" value="测试响应的参数结果处理" onclick="test2()">
<script>
    function ajax(options) {
        var xhr=new XMLHttpRequest()
        var params=''
        // params=options.data
        for(var atr in options.data){
            params=params+atr+'='+options.data[atr]+'&'
        }
        params=params.substr(0,params.length-1)
        //get
        if(options.type==='get'){
            options.url=options.url+'?'+params
        }
        xhr.open(options.type,options.url)
        //post
        if(options.type==='post'){
            xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-type','application/x-www-form-urlencoded')
            xhr.send(params)
        }else{
            xhr.send()
        }

        xhr.onreadystatechange=function () {
            if(xhr.readyState===4 && xhr.status===200){
                if(xhr.getResponseHeader('Content-type').includes('application/json')){
                    options.success(JSON.parse(xhr.responseText))
                }else{
                    options.success(xhr.responseText)
                }
            }else{
                options.error(xhr)
            }
        }
    }

    function test1() {
        ajax({
            type:'get',
            url:'/login',
            data:{'name':'王大禄','pwd':123},
            success:function (resp) {
                console.log(resp)
            },error:function (xhr) {
                console.log(xhr.readyState)
            }
        })
    }
    function test2() {
        ajax({
            type: 'post',
            url: '/state',
            data: {'name': '王大禄', 'pwd': 123},
            success:function (res) {
                console.log(res)
            },error:function () {}
        })
    }
</script>

</body>
</html>


Python代码

# coding=utf-8
from flask import Flask, request, render_template

app = Flask(__name__)


@app.route('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
def login():
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return 'get请求成功'
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        return 'post请求成功'


@app.route('/')
def test():
    return render_template('03_Ajax的post的参数传递.html')


@app.route('/state', methods=['GET','POST'])
def state():
    if request.method == 'GET':
        return render_template('04_Ajax的state的使用.html')
    elif request.method == 'POST':
        # return 'post请求成功'
        # return '{"name":"王大禄","age":20}'
        return '{"name":"王大禄","age":20}', 200, [("Content-type", "application/json")]


@app.route('/async')
def asynca():
    return render_template('05_Ajax的异步与同步使用.html')


@app.route('/fz01')
def fz01():
    return render_template('06_Ajax的简单封装.html')


@app.route('/fz02')
def fz02():
    return render_template('07_Ajax的简单封装的传参.html')


@app.route('/fz03')
def fz03():
    return render_template('08_Ajax的简单封装处理响应.html')


@app.route('/fz04')
def fz04():
    return render_template('09_Ajax的简单封装参数默认值.html')


if __name__ == "__main__":
    app.run(debug=True)


Python 全系列/第七阶段:网页编程基础/Ajax 31152楼
JAVA 全系列/第八阶段:Linux入门到实战/Maven 31155楼

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